Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/Scientific
Registry of Transplant Recipients 2014 Data Report: Intestine.
Junchao Cai, Guosheng Wu, Annie Qing, Matthew Everly, Elaine
Cheng, and Paul Terasaki
Clinical Transplants 2014, Chapter 4
Abstract
As of September 19, 2014, 2441 cases of intestinal
transplantation have been performed in 46 centers (2400 deceased, 41 living).
Eight centers did more than 100 transplants. Annual case numbers peaked in 2007
(N=198) and steadily decreased to 109 cases in 2013.
Short gut syndrome (68%) and functional bowel problems (15%)
are two major indications for intestinal transplantation. The 3 major types of
transplants involving the intestine include: isolated intestine transplant (I);
simultaneous intestine, liver, and pancreas transplant (I+L+P); and, combined
intestine and liver (I+L) transplant.
Graft survival has significantly improved in recent years,
mainly due to improved first year graft survival. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year graft
survivals were: 74%, 42%,and 26%, respectively (I); 70%, 50%, and 40%,
respectively (I+L+P); and 61%, 46%, and 40%, respectively (I+L). The longest
graft survivals for I, I+L+P, and I+L were 19 years, 16 years, and 23 years,
respectively.
Steroids, Thymoglobulin, and rituximab are 3 major induction
agents used in recent years. Prograf, steroids, and Cellcept are 3 major
maintenance agents. Induction recipients (68% of all patients) had a
significantly lower acute rejection rate than nonrecipients before discharge
(60% versus 75%, p<0.001). Most of the patients received 2 (53%) or 3 (25%)
maintenance immunosuppressants. Acute rejection episodes were usually treated
with one (60%) or two agents (27%). Steroids were most commonly used (50-60%).
OKT3 has been replaced with antithymocyte globulin (since 1999) and rituximab
(since 2006).
During 1990-2000, 94% (N=445) of patients received ABO
identical intestinal transplants, while 6% (N=29) received ABO compatible
transplants. ABO identical transplant recipients had a significantly higher
5-year graft survival rate than ABO compatible recipients (39% versus 21%,
p<0.0001). In recent years (20012012), more patients received ABO compatible
(N=188, 11%) than in the early decade (p<0.01). 5-year graft survival rates
of ABO compatible transplants were lower than those of ABO identical
transplants. However, the difference did not reach statistical significance
(46% versus 49%, p=0.07). The effect of ABO compatibility on graft outcome was
further confirmed by Cox Analysis. ABO incompatible transplants are still
rarely performed (N=4) in intestine.
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients 2014 Data Report: Intestine
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